Vol. Volume 135 · Issue Issue 1 · 2026
English Language Training and Critical Literacy for International Business and Tourism Students in the Amazon: An Exploratory Scoping Review
Jesús Enrique Reyes Acevedo, Laura Isabel Acosta Mendoza, Roberto Alejandro Pacheco Robles, Ronal Atilio Arévalo Montalván, María Elena Tello Macahuachi
Globalization necessitates robust linguistic and critical reading competencies for students specializing in international business and tourism within the Amazonian context. This exploratory review, conducted by a multidisciplinary team from the National Autonomous University of the Upper Amazon (UNAAA) and the San Marcos National University (UNMSM), examines educational programs across the region. 1 Utilizing the scoping review methodology of Arksey and O'Malley (2005), the study analyzed literature from Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, and ERIC. 9 The findings indicate three primary problematic areas: a pervasive linguistic gap where of students remain at basic user levels (A1 and A2), a lack of critical reading skills in both the native (L1) and foreign (L2) languages, and a significant curricular disarticulation where of programs isolate language training from professional content. 1 Despite these challenges, successful integrated models at the Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM) and the National University of the Peruvian Amazon (UNAP) demonstrate the transformative potential of contextualized, interdisciplinary projects. 1 The report concludes with strategic recommendations aimed at institutional restructuring, specialized teacher training in ESP, and the development of regional educational policies that bridge the gap between global standards and local Amazonian pertinence. 1